Inclosed electric-arc lamp.



No. 769,273. PATENTED SEPT. 6, 1904.

'5. 0.1". M. PETTDIDI-ER @z T. M. SGHMIMT.

INGLOSBD ELECTRIC ARG LAMP.

'APPLIGATIONTILED HOV. 10,1903.

N0 MODEL. 3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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No.' |769,273. PATENTBD $LPT'p5, V1904l H. G. P. M. PETITDIDIER & T. M.SGHMIT.

INGLSED ELECTRIC ARG LAMP.

APPLICATION A'ILED HOV.10,1903.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

N0 MODEL.

w, w j W N0. 769,273. PATBNTBD SEPT. 6, 1904. H. G. P. M. PETITDIDIBR LT. M.'SOHMITT. INGLDSEDBLBGTRIC ARG LAMP.,

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 10, 1903.

NO MODEL. 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

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gj @ffg/r l UNITED STATES Patented September 6, 1904.

PATENT CEEICE.

HENRY CHARLES FELIX MARIE PETITDIDIER AND THEODCRE MARIE SCHMITT, PARIS,FRANCE, ASSIGNCRS TO THEMSELVES AND VICTOR RECLUS, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

INCLOSED ELECTRIC-ARC LAMP.

.SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 769,273, datedSeptember 6, 1904. Application filed November l0, 1903. Serial No.180,615. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern:

Beit known that we, HENRY CHARLES FELIX MARIE PETITDIDIER and THEoDoREMARIE SCHMITT, engineers, both citizens of' the Republic of France, andresidents ofl Paris, France, have invented a new and useful Improvementin Inclosed VElectric-Arc Lamps, which improvement is fully set forth inthe following specification.

This invention relates to an nclosed electric-arc lamp, which isillustrated, by way of example, in the accompanying drawings, in Which-Figure l is a diagram showing the electrical connections of the lamp.Fig. 2 shows the lamp in central section. Fig. 3 is a side view, andFig. 4 a plan view, showing' the operative parts controlling theseparation of the cai'- bons. Figs. 5 and ashow in elevation the twoparts of the lamp separated to permit the insertion of the lower carbon.

Our improved arc-controlling mechanism or regulator essentiallycomprises an electromagnet the coil of which is arranged in parallelwith the main circuit, which coil when traversed by a current magnetizesa movable flanged core. In consequence of this excitation the core is,as it were, sucked in by the electromagnet and in this act undergoes avertical displacement, which can Vbe utilized to effect a movement ofthe upper carbon and to carry the latter toward the lower carbon.

The shunt-circuit through the electromagnet is controlled by acircuit-breaker, which only closes the circuit when the carbons are toofar apart. This circuit-breaker is controlled by a second electromagnetplaced in series in the main circuit. If' in consequence of an increaseof resistance arising from undue separation of the carbons the intensityof' the current traversing the electromagnet arranged in series on themain circuit is diminished, the circuit-breaker closes the shunt-circuitand the core of the electromagnet placed in parallel to the maincircuitis displaced and then acts on the 'operative parts arranged toactuate the upper carbon so as to draw it toward the lower carbons.

'I3 of the electromagnet 6.

The operative parts arranged to effect the displacement of the lowercarbon essentially comprise two disks or rollers, between which thecarbon is passed and which at the time of the movement ofl the shuntelectromagnetcore rotate for the purpose of moving the upper carbonthrough the intermediary of' friction-roller and spur-gearing.

The electromagnet-core and the rollers effecting the displacement of theupper carbon may be operatively connected either through a simplearrangement of disks actuated by the magnetic attraction of' the flangeof' the core or by a ratchet-wheel actuated by a pole which is eitherfixed or pivoted upon the said core-flange. In the arrangement shown inthe drawings the driving' is shown as if effected by the magneticattraction of the core acting on disks controlling' the rollers. It isobvious that this arrangement can be I'eplaced by a ratchet-and-pawlmechanism without requiring' further modifications.

As shown in Fig'. l, the current enters the lamp through the terminal land passes therefrom to the upper carbon 2. From the upper carbon, 2,the current (when the carbons are in contact or are separated to thenecessary distance) passes to the lower carbon, 3, and the flange of thebobbin 4, through the coils on this bobbin, and returns to the terminal9.

through the wire All the members of the upper part of the lamp mechanismare preferably connected together electrically.

In parallel with the main circuit is mounted an electromagnet 6, woundwith fine wire, which is controlled by the circuit-breaker 7 8. Theblade 'T of the circuit-breaker is connected to the terminal 9. Theterminal 8 of the circuit-breaker is connected tothe winding of theelectromag'net 6, which at the other extremity vis connected to theterminal IO of a circuitbreaker ll, fixed to the flange l2 of the coreThe terminal lO is insulated from the members of the upper part of thelamp mechanism, to which current is led by the wire Il. The flange l2 ofthe core 18 of' the electromagnet 6 is provided with two notches 12,Fig. 4., within each of which a disk 14 is placed. The two disks 14 aremounted on a spindle 15, carrying a pinion 16, gearing with a wheel 17,keyed on the spindle 18, forming one of the drums or rollers betweenwhich the upper carbon, 2, is passed. The spindle 18 carries a pinion19, which communicates motion to the spindle 18 of the other roller. I

The lower carbon, 3, is mounted in a core of magnetizable material 20,the lower part of which constitutes the core of the electromagnet 4.This core is terminated by a rod 21 and is subject to the action of, aspring 22, constantly thrusting it upward-that is to say,

tending' to maintain the lower carbon,3,applied in contact with theupper carbon, 2. The rod 21 is placed opposite a plate 23, which isnormally held in contact with the terminal 8 by a spring 7. This plate23 and the terminal 8 constitute the circuit-breaker controlling theshunt-current in the bobbin 6.

First considering the arrangement shown in the diagram before enteringinto details of construction with reference to the operation of the lampit is assumed that the lamp is at rest, .the carbons 2 and 3 `being incontact. If current is switched on through the lamp, this current entersat the terminal 1, passes to the upper carbon, 2, then to the lowercarbon, 3, from thence to the bobbin-coils 4 and through the wire 5 tothe terminal 9. As a consequence of the passage of the current throughthe electromagnet 4 the core 20 is attracted, the carbon 3 is separatedfrom the carbon 2, and the arc is formed. As a consequence of theburning away of the carbons 2 and 3 the distance between theirextremities is increased. The resistance to the current inthereforeclosed. The current from theterminal 1' reaches the members of the upperpart of the lamp mechanism through the wire 11/, passes thence into thespring-blade 11p, then to the insulated terminal 10, with which thespring-blade 11 is in contact, from thence traverses the bobbin-windings6, reaches the terminal 8, the plate 23, and finally passes through thewire 24 to the terminal 9. As a consequence of the passage of currentthrough the electromagnet 6, the core 13 and its flange 12 aremagnetized, and the core 13, by moving under the action of the currentthrough the electromagnet 6, acts by attraction on the disks 1 4 anddrives them during the descending movement of the core. The rotation ofthe disks 14 causes the rotation of the cylinders action of asuitably-'arranged spring.

18 18', and consequently causes the upper carbon to descend.

As soon as a descending movement of the vupper carbon, 2, is effectedthe spring-blade 11 comes out of Contact with the terminal 10. Theshunt-circuit is thus opened` and the core 13, being no longerenergized, rises under the As soon as the core 13 has risen the blade 11reestablishes contact with 'the insulated terminal 10, the shunt circuitis again closed, causing the upper carbon to again descend, and so onuntil the resistance o'ered by the separation of the two carbons 2 and 3falls Ato its normal value. VAs soon as. theresistance is normal theintensity of the current travers- 'ing the electromagnet4 also reachesthe value at which the core 2O is attracted-that is to say, reaches thevalue at which the blade 7 is separated from the terminal 8. .When thisblade is out of contact with the terminal 8, no current can pass throughthe electromagnet 6 until the resistance is againaltered lby too great aseparation of the carbons.

From what has been hereinabovestated it 'is obvious that the lamp isautomatically regulated in a very simple manner by means of theelectromagnet 6, and the lighting o rstriking of the a'rc is renderedpossiblebymeans of the separation of the carbons eifected by theelectromagnet 4. n

The details of construction of the apparatus are next described. Asabove mentioned, our invention relates to inclosed electric-arc lamps.The chamber in which the arc is produced is contained within twoconcentric globes 25 26, the interior globe being entirely closed andthe exterior globe being provided with openings 27 to permit a freecirculation of air between these two envelops in order `to avoidundueheating. Moreover, in order to avoid breakage or deformation of thechamber by reason of the formation of gases .a valve 47- is placed inthe upper part, (in the plate 29,) the said valve being of as simple aconstruction as desired.

The positive and negative terminals 1 and 9 can be placed on the side ofthe lamp, or, by preference, the wire carrying the current can bebrought through a tube 30, arranged underneath, and which is screwed orsecured in an incandescence or ordinary gas burner socket. The currentfrom the positive pole of the source of electric energy arrives at aterminal 31, insulated from the members of the upper frame of the lamp,and the upper end of the said terminal is in contact with a block 32,formed on a column 33, attached to the insulating-plate 34, supportingthe upper mechanism. From this terminal the current passes into thelamp-frame, and consequently to the uninsulated upper carbon, by way ofspring-contacts 46. The shunt-circuit which starts from the bobbin 8' isconnected to a IOO TIO

terminal 35, to the column 36, the terminal 37, and, finally, to thecircuit-breaker 8 28, passing thence to the return-current wire.

In order to facilitate the insertion of the lower carbon, the lamp ismade in two parts. (See Figs. 5 and 5.) The lower part 38 is secured bya bayonet-joint beneath the lower end i() of the chamber inclosing thearc. If

it is necessary to replace the lower carbon, the two parts of the lampare taken apart. The

exhausted carbon 3 is withdrawn and replaced by a new carbon. rEhelatter is held by claws 4l, which also form a cup for receiving thesparks thrown off from the carbons during the formation of the arc. Theinsertion of the upper carbon is effected, as can readily be understood,in a very easy manner by passing between the two rollers 18 and 18 a newcarbon, which pushes out the exhausted carbon. This upper carbon 2 isguided in its rrovements by a porcelain tube 4.5.

The resistance necessary to insure the due operation of the lamp whensupplied with a current of one hundred and ten volts can be arrangedeither around the upper part of the lamp mechanism or in the lower partaround the electromagnet 4 in a manner well understood and requires noillustration.

We claiml. In an arc-lamp, -a carbon-holder, an electromagnet in seriesin the main circuit, a movable core for said magnet and supporting thecarbon-holder, feed mechanism for one of the carbons, an electromagnetarranged in parallel with the main circuit for actuating the feedmechanism and controlled by said series electromagnet.

2. In an arc-lamp, a carbon-holder, an electromagnet in series in themain circuit, a movable core for said magnet supporting said holder,feed mechanism for one of the carbons, an electromagnet arranged inparallel with the main circuit for actuating the feed mechanism, acircuit-breaker in said parallel circuit, and means operated by the coreof the series magnet for breaking said circuit.

3. In an arc-lamp a carbon-holder, an electromagnet in series in themain circuit, a movable core for said magnet supporting saidcarbon-holder, a spring-actuated follower for forcing' the core outward,feed mechanism for one of the carbons, an electromagnet arranged inparallel with the main circuit for actuating the feed mechanism, acircuit-breakerin said parallel circuit operated by the core of theseries magnet through the said follower.

4. In an arc-lamp, an electromagnet in parallel with the main circuit, amovable core in said magnet, a plate attached to the\"end of said coreand provided with notches, revolu-.\

.tromagnet in series in the main circuit for withdrawing said holder, anelectromagnet arranged in parallel with the main circuit, a movable corein said magnet, a plate attached to the end of said core and providedwith notches, revoluble disks having their rims entering said notcheswhereby said disks are caused to rotate as the core is drawn into theenergized magnet, carbon-feed mechanism operated by said disks and acircuit-breaker in the parallel circuit operated by the serieselectromagnet.

6. In an arc-lamp, the combination of an electromagnet provided with amovable core in parallel with the main circuit, means for imparting areciprocating movement to said core and a carbon-advancing mechanismoperated by said core.

7. In an arc-lamp, the combination, in a shunt of the main circuit, ofan electromagnet provided with a movable core, a circuitbreaker actuatedby said core, means for returning the core to its normal position for-closing said circuit and means actuated by said core whereby astep-by-step advance of one of the carbons is effected.

8. In an arc-lamp, one or more glass globes constituting an arc-chamber,a frame for supporting' said globes, a separable casing adapted tosupport a carbon and its feeding mechanism and provided withbayonet-joints for engaging studs on said frame.

9. In an arc-lamp, a plurality of concentrically-arranged glass globesprovided with openings for air circulation, the inner globe constitutingan arc-chamber, a frame for supporting said globes, a separable casingadapted to support a carbon and its feeding mechanism and provided atits open end with bayonet-joints for engaging studs on said frame.

In testimony whereof we have signed this specification in the presenceof two subscribing witnesses. Y

HENRY CHARLES FELIX MARIE IETITDIDIER. THEODORE MARIE SCHMITT.I/Vitnesses:

EMILE LEDRE'r, AUGUs'rUs E. INGRAM.

IOO

